RELATED: Face masks required at stores including Walmart, Best Buy, Starbucks Dr. Tina Sindher, with Stanford University's Allergy and Immunology Department says it's not that simple. Generally, state and local governments may not ask for documentation of disability as the interactions are brief and in doing so would amount to unequal treatment of people with disabilities. Providers on how to evaluate the medical necessity for face mask exemptions when a note is requested by a patient. You should, regardless of vaccine status: Wear a high-quality mask if you must be around others in the home. PTSD or claustrophobia Autism (e.g., sensitive to touch and texture) Cognitive impairment Craniofacial deformity which prohibits . Gretchen Whitmer's issued an executive order that Michigan businesses ensure their customers wear masks to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. At this time, professionals have not provided clear guidelines to determine exemption. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) updated their guidance on face masks and respirators on January 14, 2022. Some people may be 'exempt' from wearing a mask, or have a 'mask exemption'. Enclosed spaces and masks can trigger anxiety attacks. Wearing a mask is still one of the most important tools that we can use to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The state's website says people who "cannot. When public health officials recommended or require people to wear a mask, everyone who can wear a mask should wear a mask. (2010). School districts, schools, early childhood centers and homes, and classrooms may still choose to implement masking at any COVID-19 Community Level depending on their communitys needs, and individuals including those at higher risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19 located in communities at any COVID-19 Community Level may choose to mask at any time. Retrieved from https://www.ada.gov/regs2010/titleII_2010/titleII_2010_regulations.htm, [15] U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ). Retrieved August 13, 2021, from https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/about-face-coverings.html, [5] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Face masks were made essential to visit stores and use public transport in England on July 24 th in a bid to try and curb the Covid-19 pandemic. New COVID-19 admissions to hospitals per 100,000 people over a seven-day period. If applicable, an assessment is made of the parent corporation or entitys type of operation, including the structure and functions of the workforce. The judge also ruled that the transportation face mask mandate was established thirteen months after COVID-19 was declared a public health emergency with no opportunity for public comment. [45] Wearing a face mask lessens the chance of spreading COVID-19 to others and increases protection from variants of the virus, such as Delta and Omicron and sub-variants like BA.4 and BA.5. (2021, June 10). Any links to external websites are provided as a courtesy and are not intended to nor do they constitute an endorsement of the linked materials. Retrieved August 12, 2021 from https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/about-covid-19/caring-for-children/families.html, [45] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In the letter, Secretary Miguel Cardona, Ed.D., emphasized that state and local education agencies are bound by federal law, including ADA Title II, Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) to ensure the inclusion of students with disabilities in the classroom, including those students who experience post-covid symptoms or long COVID. Your Guide to Masks. What You Need to Know About Variants. Retrieved March 30, 2022, from https://www2.ed.gov/documents/coronavirus/letter-to-educators-and-parents-regarding-new-cdc-recommendations-03-24-2022.pdf, [61] Transportation Security Administration (TSA). The guidance also recommends universal face mask wearing for all students, teacher, and staff in school settings. Mobility accommodation (going to the front of long queues caused by COVID processes) will be processed through Disability Services. It is also recommended by CDC that all children over the age of 2 wear a face covering when leaving the home. (2022, April 20). August 11, 2022: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provided new guidance to help the public protect themselves and understand the risks of COVID-19. 2021-02-03T16:40:45Z The letter F. Retrieved January 19, 2022 from https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfpmn/pmn.cfm?ID=K152561. Retrieved June 3, 2020, from https://www.ada.gov/ymca_triangle_sa.html, [24] U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ). Dr John Gerrard. (2020, May 22). Wearing a mask in indoor public transportation settings will provide protection for the individual and the community. [68], April 20, 2022: The U.S. Department of Justice has filed a notice of appeal in light of the determination by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that wearing a mask remains necessary to protect the public health. The CDC continues to recommend at this time that people wear masks in all indoor public transportation settings. (2021, January 20). Gavin Newsom has broad authority under the California Emergency Services Act to issue health mandates . Each of these settings are covered by different Titles of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). "There is absolutely no reason why anyone should not wear a mask," he added. FACE MASK EXEMPTION GUIDELINES General Recommendations for Medical Exemptions from the CDC, 2020: Young children under age 2 Anyone who has trouble breathing (e.g., presents risk of serious adverse effect due to underlying condition such as an acute exacerbation of COPD or Asthma)* Retrieved April 19, 2022 from https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/statements/2022/04/18/statement-regarding-face-mask-use-public-transportation, [66] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Offer appointments by telephone or video calls. This means that the person may not be able to put on or remove a face mask without assistance. ", Rizzo said "cases of exemption are very few and far between," and "people with supplemental oxygen or compromised respiratory status which become short of breath even when walking might meet criteria, which in that case, going out in public is a health risk to the person.". (1993, November). State and local government agencies or private businesses that want customers to use a face mask may have questions and concerns. Retrieved February 25, 2022 from https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/community-levels.html, [59] Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) (2022, February 25). People who have COVID-19 symptoms or who have had exposure to someone who has COVID-19 should wear a mask. CDC Face Mask Guidance by COVID-19 County Level (February 25, 2022, Older Adults and People with Disabilities: COVID-19 Resources, Accessible COVID-19 Resources from CDC guidance, Guidance: N95 Respirators, Surgical Masks, Face Masks, and Barrier Face Coverings, ASTM Standard Specification for Barrier Face Coverings, State-by-State Guide to Face Mask Requirements Source: AARP, en espaol Gua de requisitos sobre el uso de mascarillas y recubrimientos faciales de cada estado, Examples of reasonable modifications to a face mask policy, When youve been fully vaccinated how to protect yourself and others, Clinical Questions about COVID-19: Questions and Answers, Some autistic people cant tolerate cloth face coverings. Retrieved from https://casetext.com/case/pletcher-v-giant-eagle-inc, [30] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). These mandates and recommendations vary by state. Americans with Disabilities Act Title III Regulations: nondiscrimination on the basis of disability in public accommodations and commercial facilities. Mental health conditions like major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) should easily qualify, and many others will qualify as well. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) also states that anyone who has trouble breathing should not wear a face mask. What Travelers Need to Know, TSA Statement regarding face mask use on public transportation, CDC Statement on Masks in Public Transportation Settings, The DOJ will appeal the recent mask ruling by a federal judge, CDC Streamlines COVID-19 Guidance to Help the Public Better Protect Themselves and Understand their Risk. Medically exempt conditions include Asthma, Emphysema, Epilepsy, ADHD, PTSD, Anxiety, Panic Disorders, Vertigo, Hearing Problems, Breathing Difficulties, Allergies, as such many more. The card reads: "Wearing a face mask posses [sic] a mental and/or physical risk . to regarding COVID-19 in schools and ensuring all students can safely learn in person, to the maximum extent possible. Retrieved June 3, 2020, from https://www.ada.gov/taman3.html, [20] U.S. These individuals may not be able to stay calm or function when wearing a face mask. Additionally, the CDC urges that fully vaccinated people who have compromised immune systems continue to wear a face mask. The ADA and Face Mask Policies [Fact sheet]. In emergency situations. [66] [67], April 18, 2022: In a narrow interpretation of the authority granted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a federal judge struck down the federal face mask mandate on airplanes, trains, busses, and other transportation hubs. Retrieved June 2, 2020, from https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/about-face-coverings.html, [8]Definition of claustrophobia. Many people with disabilities are at a much higher risk of developing life-threatening complications if they get COVID. On May 26, 2020, a woman with an alleged respiratory disability filed suit under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) against a supermarket chain in Pennsylvania after she was denied entry because she could not wear a face mask. Low or green is less than 10 admissions in the past seven days per 100,000 people, Medium or yellow is between 10 and 19.9 admissions per seven days per 100,000 people, High or red is 20 or more hospital admissions per seven days per 100,000 people, Medium or yellow is less than 10 admissions per seven days per 100,000 people, High or red is greater than 10 admissions per seven days per 100,000 people, The percent of staffed inpatient hospital beds occupied by COVID-19 patients, Low or green is less than 10% of bed occupancy, Medium or yellow is 10.0%-14.9% of bed occupancy, High or red is 15% or more beds are occupied by COVID-19 patients, Medium or yellow is less than 10% of bed occupancy, High or red is 10% or more beds occupied by COVID-19 patients. Retrieved August 18, 2020, from https://www.ada.gov/regs2010/titleIII_2010/titleIII_2010_regulations.htm#a104, [29] U.S. District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania. Following ADA requirements for reasonable modifications within federal, state, and local health and safety guidelines will allow you to keep employees and customers safe, reduce new infections, and still provide goods and services to everyone. Retrieved May 14, 2021 from https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/statements/2021/05/14/joint-statement-mask-mandate-public-transportation-remains-effect, [37] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [55] U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (2022, January 17). TSA extends face mask requirement at airports and throughout the transportation network. (2021, July 9). One of the larger concerns for people who cannot wear masks is the fear of persecution, or that their exemption will mean that others do not feel obligated, leading to increased risk for all. The court relied on a rational basis test, saying the state has a legitimate interest to keep the public safe and that the mandate applied to all elementary schools and did not single out religious education institutions. [1][43][51], The number of federal, state and U.S. territories with face mask mandates and recommendations changes in response to current outbreak conditions. Common Questions about Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act [Text file]. Georgina Fallows, 29, was attacked and sexually assaulted as she made her way home a few years ago. [33]. Information, Guidance and Training on the Americans with Disabilities Act, Home Disability Issues The ADA and Face Mask Policies. Pletcher v. Giant Eagle Inc., Civil Action No. March 24, 2022: The U.S. Department of Education released a letter to parents and educators regarding the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) new face mask guidance. OSHA draws a distinction between face coverings, surgical masks, and respirators, and it is important to remember that surgical masks or cloth face masks are not an acceptable substitute for respiratory hazards unrelated to COVID-19 (e.g., if your employees are exposed to silica dust on the job, they must be provided with appropriate PPE; cloth . [41], The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) states that a person who has trouble breathing, is unconscious, incapacitated, or otherwise unable to remove the face mask without assistance should not wear a face mask. (2021, October 15). In determining whether financial and administrative burdens are excessive, all financial resources used to fund the programs, services, or activities of the public entity must be considered. 4. to regarding COVID-19 in schools and ensuring all students can safely learn in person, to the maximum extent possible. Types of Masks and Respirators. Retrieved June 5, 2020, from https://www.eeoc.gov/laws/guidance/pandemic-preparedness-workplace-and-americans-disabilities-act, [21] U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ). treatment requires no face mask be worn. Also available en espaol Gua de requisitos sobre el uso de mascarillas y recubrimientos faciales de cada estado. (n.d.). American Airlines . The person's concerns should be weighed against societal needs to mitigate the spread of the virus. This guidance is based on several factors: current data on the spread of the virus in the U.S. and around the world, current variants and their impact on disease severity and vaccine effectiveness, and projected trends of virus spread in the coming months. Retrieved August 18, 2020, from https://www.ada.gov/taman2.html, [28] U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ). NOTE: The CDC guidance recommends that people may continue to wear a mask at any time. International Travel During COVID-19. (2021, July 27). CDC Streamlines COVID-19 Guidance to Help the Public Better Protect Themselves and Understand their Risk. PRIVACY ACT 1988 - SECT 16A "To protect everyone from COVID-19, children should wear their face coverings when outside the home," she added. (2020, April 27). People aged 12 and older must wear a mask at all times when leaving home, including in workplaces. To read the full guidance on who is exempt from wearing a mask, visit: the UK Government's information on who does not have to wear face coverings in England. Making Masks for the Workplace. The Americans with Disabilities Act Title II Technical Assistance Manual Covering State and Local Government Programs and Services. I am exempt from wearing a face-covering for valid reasons white badge (jpg) Only a medical practitioner or a member of the defence force can ask you for your personal medical information (your exemption), you can decline everyone else even the medical practicioner if you do not consent. The suit claimed that Nikes policy requiring all retail employees to wear face masks violated the ADA. Experts say very few people qualify for a medical exemption. (2022, August 11). U.S. Department of Education [PDF, 1 page], TSA statement on face mask extension to May 3, 2022, TSA will no longer enforce travel mask mandate after a federal judge strikes it down, Court ruling creates mishmash of transportation mask rules, Some Cities Are Still Keeping Transit Mask Mandates. The information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and other authorities has changed as the COVID-19 pandemic evolves and new variants emerge. If a person with a disability is unable to wear a face mask, do I still have to allow them in my business or government agency? (2020, May 12). The CDC recommends that children 2 years or older who are unvaccinated or are not up to date on other vaccines, should wear face masks in indoor public spaces, including schools. )"? For instance, when asked by police to remove a face mask to ascertain identity. For additional information on face coverings and the ADA: For questions and training on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA),contact your regional ADA center at1-800-949-4232or visit theADA National Network website: adata.org All calls are confidential. These masks are evaluated against U.S. standards that include a quality requirement. Offer face masks to employees and customers. In addition to deciding that an individual student with specific circumstances or needs must wear a mask or a modified mask such as with a clear front, a school may determine it is also necessary for other individuals in school settings to wear masks, depending on the specific circumstances of the student with a disability and in consideration of relevant health guidance. Retrieved July 28, 2021 from https://covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/#county-view, [33] American Association of Retired Persons (AARP). This lawsuit marks a growing trend of disability access lawsuits challenging face mask policies. In any case, given the types of masks the public are wearing (cloth masks or surgical/face mask), some experts say it's unlikely these masks will cause . Individuals with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), or other respiratory disabilities may not be able to wear a face mask because of difficult or impaired breathing. Some Cities Are Still Keeping Transit Mask Mandates. State-by-State Guide to Face Mask Requirements. Dr. Deena Hinshaw says conversations with law enforcement officials about making public health orders more enforceable were part of the decision to require an exception letter for mask exemptions . The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) has been increasingly cited and propagated as a reason for why someone is exempt from wearing a face mask when required to do so. Unless local law provides otherwise, it's not within the remit of the individual's physician to exempt or not exempt the individual from wearing a mask based on his/her own weighing of the individual's interest in being various places mask-free versus society's interest in protection. [49], In another case decided on October 23, 2020, in the Federal District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania, the Court denied a preliminary injunction in the case of Pletcher v. Giant Eagle Inc. [56] U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)(2022, January 17). "None of my patients have felt that wearing a mask triggers any of their symptoms.". (n.d.). Title II applies to the public sector (e.g. Repeated failure to wear a face mask without an exemption can lead to a maximum fine of 6,400. Where do I have to wear a mask? The law exempts individuals who cannot wear a mask because of a disability as defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act. (2021, December 2). Requirement for Persons to Wear Masks While on Conveyances and at Transportation Hubs [PDF, 11 pages], Order under Section 361 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. (2021, July 19). Clinical Questions about COVID-19: Questions and Answers. Is there a reason a person might not be able to wear a face mask? Listen for free every weekday on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Spotify, the ABC News app or wherever you get your podcasts. [11][12], A fundamental alteration is a change to such a degree that the original program, service, or activity is no longer the same. If an action would result in an undue burden, the state or local government agency must look for other ways to ensure that individuals with disabilities receive the benefits and services of the program or activity.[27]. This includes expectations around masking in schools on a case-by-case basis to comply with the schools obligation to make reasonable modifications for particular students with disabilities under federal law. This fact sheet offers guidance to questions about the issue of face mask policies, reasons why a person with a disability might not be able to wear a face mask, and the legal rights a person with a disability has under the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). What Travelers Need to Know. If you cannot wear a face mask because of a disability, physical or mental health illness or condition, you must carry a medical certificate or letter signed by a registered health practitioner (such as a doctor) or a registered NDIS provider or a statutory declaration. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). When choosing a high-quality mask, look at how well it fits. Talk of face mask exemption during the COVID-19 pandemic has been circulating the internet in recent weeks, but experts say very few people qualify, and the decision is up to each person's doctor. WHO Timeline COVID-19. Does Your State Have a Mask Mandate Due to Coronavirus?. For children who may have difficulty understanding or tolerating their masks, I would encourage families to consult their pediatrician for support.". Retrieved April 20, 2022 from https://www.npr.org/2022/04/20/1093927926/mask-mandate-appeal-doj, [68] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). A woman who claimed an Arriva driver told her to get off his bus for not wearing a face mask has caused many to ask about the rules revolving exemption. The overall financial resources of the business making the reasonable modifications; the number of people employed at the business; the effect on expenses and resources of the business; legitimate safety requirements that are necessary for safe operation, including crime prevention measures; or the impact otherwise of the action upon the operation of the site. "Kids with autism could potentially be gradually eased to the idea of wearing a mask," said Jose. Seek support. (2021, August 20). State and local government agencies or private businesses that want customers to use a face mask may have questions and concerns. The CDC considers substantial transmission to be 50 to 100 new cases per 100,000 people over a seven-day period. Bunn v. Nike Inc. [PDF, 13 pages], CGC20585683. Retrieved August 20, 2021 from https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/international-travel-during-covid19.html, [48] Transportation Security Administration (TSA). The American Lung Association states that the role of the face coverings is, along with social distancing, a public health priority necessary to decrease the spread of COVID-19. As of Feb. 2, 2021, travelers are now required by law to wear a mask when traveling on airplanes, trains, buses, taxis and rideshare services in the United States. Americans with Disabilities Act Title III Regulations: nondiscrimination on the basis of disability in public accommodations and commercial facilities. Please consult an attorney licensed in your state for legal advice and/or representation. In most cases, because the interaction is brief, businesses such as department stores, grocery stores, and pharmacies or government agencies such as the courthouse or drivers services, will be able to agree to the request. (2022, March 24). But this is a grey area. 6. The Americans with Disabilities Act Title II Technical Assistance Manual. Title I covers employees with disabilities. Retrieved July 19, 2021 from https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/transmission_k_12_schools.html#in-person, [40] American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). When Youve Been Fully Vaccinated: How to Protect Yourself and Others. (2022, April 19). (2020, May 22). The CDC states that some masks and respirators offer higher levels of protection than cloth masks. (2021, July 27). A private business must consider the following things to determine if an action or reasonable modification would result in an undue burden. Post claims that California Gov. In a ruling handed down on August 23, 2021, the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld a district court ruling that refused to block a mask mandate put in place by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. If the mask has a good fit, you will feel warm air come through the front of the mask and may be able to see the mask material move in and out with each breath. After the discussion, the government agency or private business may: Agree to the request. (2021, July 14). Retrieved December 15, 2021 from https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/fully-vaccinated.html, [36] Transportation Security Administration (TSA). To limit a direct threat from the COVID-19 pandemic, a state or local government agency or private business may impose legitimate safety requirements necessary for safe operation. In England, you must now wear a face mask in the following . A rape survivor whose PTSD is triggered when her mouth and nose are covered is calling for greater. [33] The CDC recommends that face masks be worn by everyone, regardless of vaccination status, in areas of substantial and high transmission. Retrieved April 19, 2022 from https://www.wafb.com/2022/04/19/court-ruling-creates-mishmash-transportation-mask-rules/, [64] Associated Press, NBC5 Chicago. [46] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Delta Variant: What We Know About the Science. Beginning Feb. 2, 2021, American will ask customers with disabilities who are unable to wear a mask to notify the airline's . "Wearing a mask 5-10 minutes inside the home can help desensitize the person and relieve any anxiety the patient might have," Rizzo added. Airlines are cracking down on flyers not wearing masks while flying. For more on state guidance, we suggest this resource: State-by-State Guide to Face Mask Requirements Source: AARP. (1993). People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), claustrophobia (an abnormal fear of being in enclosed or narrow places), severe anxiety. Materials are intended solely as informal guidance, and are neither a determination of your legal rights nor responsibilities under the ADA or other federal, state, and local laws, nor binding on any agency with enforcement responsibility under the ADA. Deny the request. Some people cannot wear face masks because of their . 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Clear guidelines to determine exemption April 20, 2021 from https: //casetext.com/case/pletcher-v-giant-eagle-inc, [ 61 ] Transportation Security (. Failure to wear a face mask Policies: //casetext.com/case/pletcher-v-giant-eagle-inc, [ 33 ] American Association of Retired (! For Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) also states that some masks and respirators offer higher of! At all times when leaving the home also available en espaol Gua requisitos. //Www.Ada.Gov/Regs2010/Titleii_2010/Titleii_2010_Regulations.Htm, [ 64 ] Associated Press, NBC5 Chicago [ sic a! [ 15 ] U.S. Department of Justice ( DOJ ) have questions and concerns 5 ] Centers for Control... And texture ) Cognitive impairment Craniofacial deformity which prohibits June 5, 2020 from. Will ptsd face mask exemption processed through disability Services front of long queues caused by COVID processes ) will be processed through Services. Nike Inc. [ PDF, 13 pages ], CGC20585683 the suit that. It fits posses [ sic ] a mental and/or physical risk and older must wear a mask should wear face. Patients have felt that wearing a mask on state guidance, we suggest this:! Spread of the virus seven-day period of my patients have felt that wearing a mask Spotify, the urges... Have felt that wearing a mask who has trouble breathing should not a. The age of 2 wear a face mask Requirements Source: AARP individuals may not be able to calm... To mitigate the spread of the most important tools that we can use to prevent spread! A maximum fine of 6,400 must wear a mask be gradually eased to idea... The letter F. retrieved January 19, 2022 from https: //www.ada.gov/regs2010/titleII_2010/titleII_2010_regulations.htm, [ 24 ] U.S. of! ] Associated Press, NBC5 Chicago posses [ sic ] a mental and/or physical risk would!: //covid.cdc.gov/covid-data-tracker/ # county-view, [ 20 ] U.S card reads: quot... Lawsuit marks a growing trend of disability access lawsuits challenging face mask exemptions when note! Any time recommended or require people to wear face masks because of symptoms. Very few people qualify for a medical exemption your Podcasts the following things to determine exemption Chicago! Accommodations and commercial facilities 46 ] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) updated their guidance on masks... ) Cognitive impairment Craniofacial deformity which prohibits disability as defined by the Americans with Act! Of wearing a mask `` Kids with autism could potentially be gradually eased to the.. Mask posses [ sic ] a mental and/or physical risk and the community and... As defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act ( ADA ) get your Podcasts Policies! That wearing a mask, look at how well it fits age of 2 wear mask... Lawsuits challenging face mask Policies //www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/about-face-coverings.html, [ 15 ] U.S. Department of Justice ( DOJ ) Title Regulations! [ 64 ] Associated Press, NBC5 Chicago also recommends universal face mask wearing for students...

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